At some point in our skincare journey, we may have heard about the benefits of using retinol serum to improve our skin’s texture, tone, and firmness.
Retinol, a derivative of vitamin A, is a potent ingredient that can increase cell turnover, boost collagen production, and reduce the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, and acne.
However, along with these benefits come some potential side effects that can range from mild irritation to severe reactions. In this article, we will explore the most common side effects of using retinol serum and how to treat them effectively.
What is Retinol Serum and How Does It Work?
Retinol serum is a topical skincare product that contains a concentrated amount of retinol, which is a form of vitamin A that can penetrate the skin’s surface and interact with the cells that regulate skin turnover and collagen synthesis.
Retinol works by stimulating the production of new skin cells and collagen fibres, which can lead to a smoother, firmer, and more even-looking complexion over time.
Retinol can also improve the appearance of pores, dark spots, and uneven skin tone.
What Are the Common Side Effects of Using Retinol Serum?
While retinol can work wonders for some skin types and concerns, it can also cause some side effects that can be unpleasant or even painful.
Here are the most common side effects of using retinol serum and what they mean:
Dryness and flakiness
Retinol can cause the skin to become dry, tight, and flaky, especially if you use a high concentration or apply it too often.
This is because retinol can accelerate the skin’s natural exfoliation process, leading to a temporary buildup of dead skin cells that need to be sloughed off.
To alleviate dryness and flakiness, you can use a gentle moisturizer that contains hydrating ingredients such as hyaluronic acid, glycerin, or ceramides.
Redness and sensitivity
Retinol can also irritate the skin and cause redness, itching, and burning sensations, especially if you have sensitive or reactive skin.
This is because retinol can disrupt the skin’s barrier function, making it more vulnerable to external aggressors such as UV rays, pollution, or harsh ingredients.
To reduce redness and sensitivity, you can start by using a low concentration of retinol and gradually increasing it over time.
You can also use a soothing serum or cream that contains anti-inflammatory ingredients such as niacinamide, aloe vera, or chamomile.
Breakouts and purging
Retinol can also trigger a process called purging, which is when the skin expels impurities such as sebum, dead skin cells, and bacteria that were trapped in the pores.
This can lead to temporary breakouts, whiteheads, or blackheads that can be frustrating to deal with. However, purging is a sign that retinol is working as intended and can lead to clearer and smoother skin in the long run.
To manage breakouts and purging, you can use a gentle cleanser that contains salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide, and avoid using other exfoliating products such as scrubs or acids.
Sun sensitivity and photodamage
Retinol can also make the skin more sensitive to the sun and increase the risk of sunburn, pigmentation, and premature ageing.
This is because retinol can interfere with the skin’s natural repair mechanisms and make it more vulnerable to UV damage.
To avoid sun sensitivity and photodamage, you should use broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30 every day, even if it’s cloudy or rainy outside.
You should also avoid prolonged sun exposure, wear protective clothing such as hats and sunglasses, and seek shade during the hottest hours of the day.
How Can You Treat the Side Effects of Using Retinol Serum?
If you experience any of the side effects mentioned above, don’t panic. There are several ways to treat and prevent them, depending on their severity and your skin type. Here are some tips:
Start slow and low
If you’re new to retinol or have sensitive skin, start with a low concentration (0.1%-0.3%) and use it once or twice a week. Then, gradually increase the frequency and concentration over several weeks or months. This can help your skin to adapt to retinol without overwhelming it.
Use a buffering agent
A buffering agent is a gentle moisturizer or serum that can help to dilute the potency of retinol and reduce its side effects.
You can apply a pea-sized amount of buffering agent before or after retinol to minimize dryness, redness, and irritation.
Moisturize, moisturize, moisturize
As mentioned before, retinol can dry out the skin, so it’s crucial to use a moisturizer that can restore hydration and nourishment to your skin.
Look for moisturizers that contain humectants such as hyaluronic acid or glycerin, occlusives such as petrolatum or dimethicone, and emollients such as ceramides or squalane.
Don’t over-exfoliate
Retinol can already exfoliate your skin, so you don’t need to use other exfoliating products such as scrubs, acids, or brushes. Over-exfoliation can damage your skin’s barrier and worsen the side effects of retinol. Instead, focus on gentle cleansing and moisturizing.
Seek professional advice: If you experience severe or persistent side effects, or if you have a medical condition or are pregnant or breastfeeding, consult a dermatologist before using retinol.
They can recommend a suitable retinol product, dose, and regimen that fits your skin type and concerns.
